Scarfing machine



Jan. s, 1929. 1,698,641

H. LYON SCARFING MACHINE 'Filed March 24. 192s 7 sheets-sheet 1 @M7959 @an l Jan. 8, 1929. 1,698,641 H. LYON SCARFING MACHINE Filed Maro 24,1925 '7 sheets-sheet 5 Jan. 8, 1929.

H. LYON SGARFING MACHINE Filed March 24, 1923 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 f Laia i Jan. 8, 1929.

H. LYON SCARFING MACHINE Filed March 24, 1923 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 H. LYON SCARFING MACHINE Jan. 8, 1929. 1,698,641

Filed March 24, 192s '7' sheets-sheet 6 Jan. 8, '1929; 1,698,641

H. LYoN S CARFING MACHINE end trimming operation is entirely elimi-4 Patented Jan 3, 1939.

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HARRY LYON, on BnoCKroN,Mnssncnnsnfrrs, .assisNon To aonN ennnnonn', or`

BnooKLiNn, MASSACHUSETTS, AND :enntn nannonn, on aUrNCY, MASSACHU- SETTS, A COPARTNERSEIP DOING'BUSIIQESS BNOCKTCN, MASSACHUSETTS;

sCAnnrNe 'Milioni/Nn.

' This invention relates to scarfing machines particularly intended for beveling the ends of strips such as those from which endless leather welting is made preparatory to ceincnting them together to form a continuous length. j

Heretofore the scarling has been effected by starting the cut from one face of the stock in an inclined direction facing the end of the pieceso that the knife emerges from the other faceof the stock adjacent this end. Then the knife emerges, however, ytheedge is left in a more or lessrag'ged condition and it has therefore been necessary to trim this edge ina subsequent operation. This latter operation has been particularly important when the knife emerges from the grain side of the leather since, this is the finished face of the welt, anyV subsequent trimming. to produce material-ofY uniform thickness being effected onthe flesh side only. It is therefore very important that the scarfed end shall be cut true'andv clean yso that a proper joint with the adjacent piece may be produced t0 its eXtreme end.

According to the ypresent invention this nated, the clean Vend of the scarfed yportion being assured by starting the cut attliis point and directing the knife away from this end. The stock and knife are'so Yrelatively'manipulated that ythe knife may bev forced into the work by a direct inward motion under adjustable pressure and then assume its ciagonal direction o-f motion whereby thel 'end of the stock may be formed thin or blunt as desiredA and when the knife leaves' the stockit is caused to leave it by amore abrupt outward motion forming a more yor less pronounced shoulder against which the end of the adjacent scarfed piece-may closely en? gage.

j The machine of serts the end of the stripv in positionand work-engaging devices areso formed and" is adjustable by adjusting the pressure ywith Y which the work is urged against the knife the cut and its inclination the present .j invention is designed to cut toward the operator who m4.

and the height of the shoulderat the opposite end of the scarfed portion may also be ad-V justed as will later appear.

stock is also adjustable. u .l

The machine is also so designedthat it may operate properly on stock varying inhardness and as the skiving knife becomes vdull from use without affecting the natureJof as san-nenn WELTING COMPANY, `on v The depth of' relative .to fthe f the cut produced., these various factors being' automaticallytaken Careof by, the machine to accomplish the desired results.

lt is evident that in every joint formed by the overlapping scarfed portions ofadjacent pieces ione. of the ends lies on the grain or finished .iside of theV welt.A VAs no further finishing operation is desired for this face of the welt, it has been found desirable to form this end yof the scarfed portion thin and iexible so that bending or flexing of the strip may take place without causing anyl strain thereon sufficient. to injure thisyportion of the joint. `The end of the. adjacent piece iscorrespondingly scarfed,its end fbe- Y ing thicker and projecting onthe'fiesh side of the welt on which afinishing cutis taken, this cut serving to thin this end from its outer surface and to lay it down firmly against its mating scarf so that a proper joint is inf sured on this side of the Welt also when the welt is finished. y j f ln order to effect the different cuts desired for the scarfs having their thinner ends on4 j chine as to the particular form of scarf toibe next effected at anyparticular actuation of theinachine. The thicker end scarf is also cut longer 'than the thin end scarf Vvin order vthat after the `final trimming' V( .)peration on the flesh side of the welt thefproper may be formed.` v

lFor a more complete understanding this invention, together with further objects and,

advantageousl details and combinations of 1ooi parts, referencemay be had tothe accompanying drawings 4in which of Figure 3.

Figure 8 is a detail vertical section to an enlarged scale on line 8-8 of Figure 3.

Figure 9 is a detail section on line 99 of Figure 8. v

Figures 10 and 11 are somewhat vdiagrammatic views, parts being omitted, showing relative positions of certain parts when the .scarfing operation for a thin end scarfl is about tofcommence and near completion, respeetively.

Figure -12 is a vperspective of the leather strip showing the mannerin which the ends are to be scarfed.

Figures'l and 14 are enlarged fragmentary details illustrating the positions of the Vferent surface contours.

strip-holding and cutting mechanismat the beginning and end, respectively, of the scarfing operation -when the long blunt end scarf is to be produced. V

Figures 15 and 16 are perspectives illustratingthe character of the scarfedportions at'opposite ends'of thestrip. v

, Figure 17 is an edge view of the joint betweenv adjacent scarfed pieces.

Y Figure 18l is an elevation of the stockclamping roller. i

Figure 19 isa plan ofthe work table. Figure 20 is a detail section on line 20- 20 of Figure 19. j vFigure 21 is a perspective of a work vtable surface plate. f

Figure 22 is a section Figure 21.

Figures 23and 24 are views similar to Figure 21-but on a larger scale and showing dif- Qii une `22-22Y of Figures 25 and 26 are somewhat diagrammatic views illustrating certain parts'in position for operation on opposite ends of a' strip Vand the effect offcertain adjustments.

Figures 27-vand 28 areY diagrammatic views illustrating theeifect of varying' the pressure of the clamping roller on the workadjacent the end of the cutting stroke.

' Referring to these drawings, 1 indicatesy a machine head which as shown is adapted VVVto be supported by ay bench or table 2. The

machine head is `provided with a forwardly `and downwardly inclined slideway 3 (Figs. V7 and 8) forthe reception of aslide 4 which kis constructed tov carry a scariing knife 5.

This Vknife is mounted on a carrier 6 projecting upwardly from the slide 4and is adjustable vertcallywth relation thereto means of a wedge 7 which extends between the upper face of the slide 4 and the lower Y face of the carrier 6. As shown in Figure 9 the wedge is provided with guide flanges or fins 9 onfits upper and'lower faces which mate corresponding grooves in the upper and lower faces of the slide'V and the carrier by loosened, and provides an adjustment of the height of the knife 5 to a predetermined degree according to the distance the wedge is moved. effected the bolt 11 is tightened and then iixed in position by means of a set screw 11.

As shown also in Figure 9 the knife has beveled side edges, one "of which fits a mating beveled edge of a recess 13 in an arm 14 projecting laterally from the upper end of the carrier. A. cap member 15 having a beveled edge 16 engaging the opposite edge of When the adjustment has been o the knife may be bolted to the outer end of the arm 14 by means of the bolt 17. By this means the knife is held rigidly in position in the carrier. In order to determine the proper setting of the knife a gage 18 has been provided which has a downwardly turned end 19 which is adapted to indicateV the proper position of the inner end of the beveled portion 20 of the knife. These knives should be ground accurately by machinery so that the inner end of the beveled portion furnishes a proper indication of the position of the cutting edge. This vgage 18 as shown is a round rod and passes through a perforation 21 in the arm 14 and. may be fixed' in proper position by a set screw 22. By movement of the slide'4 the'knife is given its cutting and retracting strokes as, will laterappear, the cutting stroke of the knife being. s

in a forwardly and downwardly-inclined direction towar-d the operator.

The work is supported beneath the knife ,i

' so that the knife enters adjacent itsend and then follows a path inclinedv `downwardly relative thereto and emerges from the lower l face thereof back from its end for .which purpose a work table 25 has been provided. This work table is mounted to oscillate about an axis lying in the plane of its top surface Y and for this purpose one end of the tableV is provid-ed with spaced projecting webs 26 `(see 'Figures 3, 4, and 7 terminating inV cylindrical bearing surfaces journaled within a pair which is fixed an arm 36 forming a crank by A means of which the work table may be oscillated as will later be described. The work supporting portion of the table is cut away as best shown at 40 inFigure 8 and extending through this cut away portion is an arm 4l upwardly projecting from a plate 42 which. is adjnstably fixed to one face of the head l by means of a pair of relatively inclined slots 43 therein through which pass `bolts 44 threaded into the head and engaged by adjusting screws 45. rlhe upper end of the arm-4l has fixed thereto a plate 48 having anfedge member 49 which projects slightly over the adjacent edge of the work table top. This edge member 49 is so positionedpthat at the limit of the'forward stroke of the knife 5 this knife passes thereunder, Vthe edge formed by thecut away portion of the work table coinciding with its pivotal axis. The work table,therefore, may be rocked so thatits rear edge approaches or recedes from the knife 5 without affecting the relation between the cutting edge of the knife and the forward edge of thework table as defined by the lcutout portion 40. t To the forward face of the arm 4l is fixed a bracket 50 having va pivot 51 at its upper end on which is mounted a member 52. This .gage member has a fiat work supporting face 53, the rear end ofk which rests on the top of the plate 48 and also has an upstanding sidewall 54 which serves as an edge gage to determine the lateral positionv of the strip which is to be scarfed. This upstanding wall 54 may be perforated at one or more places as shown at 55 for the selective reception of a pin 56, the outer end of which may be upturncd as shown at 57 in Figure 3, and beneath which the work may be placed, this pin cooperating with the gage to properly position the work on the work table. l

Provision is also made for pressing the work strip down against the work tableto vhold it during the cutting strokeof thesknife,

this holding means also performing an additional function in bending the work over the edge member 49 to provide a shoulder at the inner limit of the scarfed portion against which the end of the mating scarfed portion of the adjacent strip may abut to make a close joint. As` shown this holding means comprises'a roller 60 which is shown in detail inFigure 18. This roller comprises a cylindrical sha ft Gil having gear teeth G2 cut therein intermediate its length. One end 64 of this roller is ofreduced diameter having a cylindrical portion 65, the sides ofwhich are cut away as shown at 66 and v67 (Figs. 25 tok 28). The portion 65 is preferably fiuted as shown and is of the same diameter as the pitch diameter of the toothed portion 62. Opposite the portion G5 the roller may be laterally elongated vas shown at 68, this portion having no bearing on the work at any time and being extended to provide smiicient stock so that the roller may be provided with a rectangular' perforation v69 therethrough transverse to its axis adjacent the cylindrical portion for a purpose which will later appear. rllhe welt pressing roller 60 is ournaled in a pair of spaced arms 70 (Figs. 3, 7 25 and 26) of a bell crank leve-r fulcrumed on a shaft 71 carried in a bracket 72 (Fig. 4)

xed to the upper face of theslide 4. The other arm of the bell crank lever is formed by two spaced depending members 7 3 between lwhich is pivoted the forward end of an arm I 74, the rear end of lwhich is enlarged (Figure 7) and 1s journaled on aneccentric 75 carried by an actuating shaft 76. This shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 77 (Figures 3 and 7) carried by brackets 78 made fast'to the upper face of the head 1 at therearv of the inclined slideway 3. On motion of this`eccen.

tric'the bell crank arms 70 are alternately depressed and rais-ed, the depression of these arms carrying the rol-ler (i0 toward the sur-.f

face of the work until stopped thereby or'by the impingement ofthe forward end of the arm .74 on an adjustable stop screw 7 9 carried y by a bracket 7 9 fixedl to the `for-.ward edge of the slide. v 'the roller 60 is thusstopped further motion Vh'en the downward motion of of the arm 74 in thesame direction is then transmitted to the slide `4 in a direction to move the knife 5forwardly and downwardly towardthe of oscillation of the work` table and beneath the edge member .49'. When the eccentric 75 on-the next half of its rotation pulls rearwardly on the larms 7 3 of the bell crank lever, the roller 60 is raised from the workuntil one of the arms 7 O strikes the lower end of an adjusting screw (Figs. 4, 25 and 26) threaded in the end of a lever 8l '(see also FigxB) lpivoted at 82 toa bracket 83 also fixed to the slide 4, thev rear of this leverl having journaled thereon :a cam roller 88 resting upon a camV 84 (Fig. 5) l.- As soonas rthe outward movement of thebell crank arm 7 O is thus stopped further motion of the eccentric 75 then acts to pull the slide 4 backwardly up the inclined"slidewaythus effecting a retracting stroke of the knife 5.

die.

Assuming that the-stop screw 79 is yso set that the roller 60 may be brought down on the work the pressure ofthe roller on the .work

willtherefore be dependent on the resistthe stock or the dullness of the knife orcountered by the slide, the greater the pressure exerted on the stock `by the roller 66. On the return stroke of the knife, however, since the iirst'action ofthe eccentric is to raise the roller from the work,the amount to Awhich the knife is retracted depends on the extent to which the rolier is permitted to rise since the ent-ire back stroke ofthe eccentric is expended in accomplishing these two actions. By restricting the movement of the roller from the work it is evident that more of the stroke of the eccentric must be expended in ret-racting the slide and hence the retracting stroke of the knife will be Vmade correspondingly longer.

Provision is made for rotating the roller 60 while in engagement with lthe work so that the vwork may, beheld firmly against the work table without any tendency for the roller to 'move the work thereover. reason the teeth 62 on the roller have been provided with a pitch diameter equal to the diameter of the active portion 65 of the roller. These teeth 62 mesh with the teeth of a rack bar which is slidably carried by a guide member 91 having its forward and lower end formed as a sleeve 92 (Figure 7) within which the roller 60 is journaled, This guidemember has upstanding sides 98 3), between which the rack bar 90 moves and at suitable places straps 94; bridge these wall to retainV the rack bar inposition with its teeth meshing with the teeth 62 of the roiler 60. Y For the purpose of imparting 'motion to this rack bar at the proper speed for effectf ing a true rolling contact of the roller on the work, this rack bar 90 is pivoted at its upper rear end at 90 to a lever95 journaled at its lower end as at 96 on a bracket 97 projecting upwardly from the rear end of the head 1. Half way between the pivot 96 and the pivotJ 90 is pivoted the rear end of an arm 98 as at 99, the forward end of this arm being pivoted at to the knife carrier 6. As the slide moves, therefore, the lever 95-is swung about its pivot 96 and sincethe pivot 90 is twice the distance of the pivot 99 from the fulcrum 96 the rack bar is givena movement of twice the rate of the slide; As the roilerv 60 when down on the work travels bodily rwith the sfide, relative motion of the rack bar and the teeth 62 takes place at the same rate as that of the slide, thus causing the surface 65 of the roller to roll on the work the surface speed of the slide whereby true rolling contact of the roller thereon is produced.

As before noted the `roller is formed 'to bend the workover the edge member e9, this being for the purpose of causing the knife t emerge from the workv more or less sharply as may be desired. For this purpose one edge of 'the surface portion 65 terminates in a shoulder (Figs. 8 and 18) which when the For this tioned opposite thereto so that the work is pressed therebetw-een in the manner clearly shown in Figures 27 and 28. in order that this shoulder 105 may be properly related to the edge element e9 provision is made for adjustingthe rotationalposition of the .roiler when in cooperative relation thereto, this means con'iprising a turnbuckle of any suitable description positioned inthe length of the rack bar 90 as at 110. y

"When the work is inserted in the machine as before stated it is passed rearwardly beneath the pin 56'of the gage 53 over the edge element 49 and beneath the knife 5. 1t is also evident that it passes beneath the roller Y60 and in order that'the operator may be able .to see the work in order to position it properly vietween the cutting edge of the knife and the upper face of the table the slotabove referred to has been provided. This is regarded as a very important feature of this inven- Y proper engagement of the knife edge therewith before the start Vof the cutting operation. Vhen the work is so inserted the work table is held vrocked slightly downward to provide a space beneath the edge of the knife in its retracted position inY which the end of the work may be'readily positioned..` As the machine starts the work table is then rocked upwardly to press the workagainst `the knife, the same actionv serving to force the knife downwardly into the surface of the stock. This action of the work table is produced in the present machine by the arm 36 above referred to (Figures 2 and 3), the rear end of which carries la'cam roll 115 engageable with an edge cam 116 at one end of the shaft 76. The cam roll is held up against 'this cani by means of an arm 117 fined to the arm 36 and to the lower end of which is fixed one end 'of a contractile spring 118. Nhen the machine tion .the cam roll 115 restson the high point of the cam 116 which holds the worktable y `rocked to maintain a space between theY knife and the upperface thereof for the insertion of the work. As soon as the machine starts f the cam roll 115 rides offthe high point of the cam-116 thus permitting the spring-118 to pull the arm 11.7 rearwardly and rock they work table so as to push the work against the knife ab rl"he pressure` with which this spring vacts maybe adjusted and'for this purpose the rear end ofthe spring118 is shown as fixed to a` block 119 threaded on a :screw rod .1.20.

which is mounted in the bench or table .2 and projects forwardly thereof where it is pro lengthwise thereof. A pin 122 projecting the work from the block and riding in a slot 123 in the 4table holds the block from rotating with the rod. The greater the pressure exerted'by the spring 113 the harder the work table is rocked upwardly toward4 the "knife and the deeper the knife sinks into the work. By this means the thickness of the end ofthe scarf maybe r determined. In order that the table may not strike the knife'if no work'isplaced therebetween a stop screw 125 (Fig. 2) may be ad j ustably threaded in a bracket 126 fixed to the table or bench in position to limit the rearward movement of the arm 117. t

As beforel noted the pressure of the roll60 on the work determines the sharpness with which the stock is bent about the edge member 49 and on this sharpness depends the character of the opposite end of the scarf, this being' clearly shown in Figures 27 and28. ln

Figure 27the pressure of the roll is considi,

erable so that theI work is pressed down against the edge of the work table closely adjacent the edge member 49, consequently the knife emerges from the work atV this bent portion and forms a comparatively thick end to the scarfing. When the pressure of the roll is comparatively light, as shown in Figure 28, the work is not pressed tightly 'against table and the knife therefore emergesv from the lower surface to form a comparatively thin end;

It is also desirable to control the character of the cut between its ends. For thi-s purpose the upper face -of the workv table may be formed by any one of a plurality of'interchangeable face plates 130 (Figs. 13 and 14) which may be dovetailed and lit in a dovetailed groove 131 inthe upperface of the work table. These work plates may have their work-engaging faces formed with various contours asshown in `Figures 22 to 24. For example in Figure 22 the' work-engaging face 132 is flat, the work-engaging face 132 in Figure 23 is slightly convex, while the corresponding face 132at in Figure 24 is concave. rlhe face plates can ofcourse be changed only when the machine is at rest. The thickness of the thin end of the scarfed portion may be adjusted while the machine is in mo'- tion by turning vthe handle 121 (Fig. 2).v

The thickness at the thickend of the rscarf` portion is determined, as before noted, by

the pressure of the roller 60 onthe work which is determined by the resistance to sliding motion of the' slide 4. `While adjustment of this is effected automatically by varying resistance offered by the work to the knife,

provision is also made by which it may be increased further as occasionmay-4 require.

,This is accomplished in the present instance by means of a friction plate (Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4) which is made fast at its forward yend tothe slide andprojects over a `guide screw 144 threaded in the'guide141. This,

screw lalso-passes through 'a perforation in a friction sli-oe` 145 overlying the'side edges of the frictionplate 140, this shoe being pressedagainst the friction plate by means of a coiled spring 146 surrounding the screw .144` and reacting between the shoe 145 and a head`147 on the screw. By turningthis-head the pressure of the spring 146 on the lfriction shoev 145 may be adjusted so as tol impart an ad *justable resistance to the motionof the slide in addition to that produced bythe resistance of the work to the cutting stroke of the knife.-

After the scariing stroke of the knife has been effected provision is made for ejecting the scarfing from the machine. For this purpose (Figures 1 and 3)4 the oppositeendof the shaft 76 from` the cam 1161carri'es Va,

The forward end of this lever 152 carries an ejector finger 154 as Vshownmore particularly in Figure 6, this linger being of wedge shape and passing over the surface of knife is in its retracted position. In order the lever. The cam is so .made thatfa quick stroke of theejector finger for clearing the table `is made after the cutting stroke of the knife and the finger is immediately moved thereafter to its retracted positionwhere it is to hold this ejector finger in proper position a guide pin 155 may project laterally from the bearing 29 andpass through a slot 156 inl 105l out of the way of the knife. A deflector plate 157 causes the scarfing to'be projected clear of the mechanism.

The machine should be sov constructed that it will automaticallystop after eachscariing operation with the knife retracted and kthe parts in position to permit the insertion of another strip end to be operated upon. j For thisV purpose a one revolution clutch'mecha- 1 v nism of any suitable type for the shaft 76 may be employed. ln the present embodil ment the drive mechanism comprises a shaft 16() journaled in thebearing lbrackets 78 which has lfixed thereto a pinion 161 meshing with a gear162 fixed to the shaft 7 6, and fixed to this shaft 7 6. beyond the cam 150 is a stop cam 165 (Figures 1, 3, 10 and 11)'. operating with this stopcam is a follower 166 on a bell crank lever 167 fixed to a rock; shaft'168, and to the forward armr 169 of this Gol' 100 thev work table beneath the knifewhen the i and well known and form no part of lever is Vfixed the upper end ofa pull member" 172. The opposite-end of this rock shaft 168 which-is journaled in the. head 1 carries a clutch actuating element 1178 V(Figure 8) adapted to hold a clutch' 174 in position to clutch theV drive pulley 175 to the shaft 160- when the treadle is depressed but Vpermitting it -to be unclutched iny any'suitable manner when the treadle is raised which is permitted at-one portion only of the rotationof the shaft 76 by'means of the depression 17 6 in the cam 165. The details of this clutch mechanism have not been herein shown Vas they arev old the present'invention. Y Y n f The end of the scarfed portion which is exposed on the grain side of the strip should be cut very smooth and slender in order to stick closely'to the scarfed'portion of its adjacent"strip,'since this side of the strip does notreceive any further finishing operation, while as before noted the end-of the scarf exposed'on the flesh side is preferably thicker` and should overlie the adjacent portion of the mating strip so that when this surface receives its finishing cut a close fitting joint is produced. This desired condition is illustrated in Figure 17 in which the side a represents the grain side of the strips as joined together .and the side b represents the flesh side.

1 'Y As herein indicated the end c which is exposed I Y Y ss end portion being shown separately in Figure A15'. It will also be noted Ithat the end d of the on the Vgrain side is thin and clean cut, this adjacent strip shown separately in Figure 16 lend should have the characteristics shown ink Figure 15 being comparatively short and tapered to a sharp edgeand the other should have the characteristics shown in Figure 16 being longer and having a more bluntend, Provision is therefore made in this machine Y by which adjustments are effected automatically so that the characteristics may be alternated in subsequent'operations without re! quiring any attention on the part of the operator. The mechanism by which this is ac- .complished-will now bedescribed.

Referring more particularly to Figures 8 i and 4 it will be noted that the shaft 76 'has -fixed thereon a pinion 180 meshing with a gear181 which is loose on the shaft 160. As

shown in Figure 5 this gear isv journaled between one of the bearings 182 of the bracket 7 8 and a collar 188 fixed by a set screw 184 to the shaft 160. The'gear 181 is provided withy a' hub'185 on whichis carriedthe cam 84 aboveV tricto the shaft 160 and an eccentric strap 188 is journaled thereon beingl held between the flange 189 ofthe collar 187 and one face of the cam 84. The pinion 180 is one-half the diameter of the gear. 181 wherefore the cam 84 is'rotated one-half a revolution for each rotation of the shaft 76 andl therefore for each.

actuation of the knifeto perform a scarfing operation. This cam 84 has a high spot 190v on one side thereof (Figures 4, 25 and26) and when this high spot ispositionedin engagement with the cam follower 88 the lever 81 is rocked to lower'the stop 80 which as'before described decreases the extent to which the feed roller 60 is removed from thework prior to the initiation of the retracting stroke ofthe knife slide. This acts to Vincrease' the lengthof its retracting stroke as above described vat each alternate actuation of the slide, the lever 81 riding backwardly onthe surface of the cam as the slide retracts as shown by dotted lines in Figures 25 Yand 26. rlQhe high point of the cam is active ywhen the scarfed ends exposed -on the flesh side of the leather are being produced, while the low portion of the cam is active whenthe scarfed ends exposed on'the grain side are being op. i

erated on. In order to indicate to the opera.-y

tor which type of cutis to be made in any op- Y eration a mark may be made on the cam, this being shown at lthe lowside thereof in Figure 25.- At the same time that thelong lscarf is to be made the outer 'end thereof should be made comparatively thick and for this purpose-it is necessary to increase the pressureof the table upwardly at the starty of the scarfing operation to cause the knife, to sink deep er into the su'rfacethereof. This is accomplished as follows. The eccentric strap 188 above mentioned journaled on the eccentric collar 187 has fixed thereto a rod 188 which extends to the rear edge 'of the table rorbench 2 `(Figures. 1 and 2) and is pivote'd at 191 to a lever 192 fulcrumed at 198 to the rear upper edge of this table; f The lower` end of the lever 192 is formed witha forked portion 194 which engages in a groove '195 of a collar 196 carried at the rear end of the screw rod 120. The eccentricityof the collar 187 is so related to the high .point of the cam 84 that when the high point is in operation the rod 188 is pulled forwardly so pulling the screw rearward-l ly and increasing the tension on the spring 118 by moving'the'block 119 backwardly.vl rl`he handle V121 on the forward 'end of the screw shaft is placed sufficiently forwardlyv of the front facey of the table to permit this action.

When the thick end scarf. is to be formed itis 'also desirable that'the feed roller 60V shouldv not press on the work adjacent its extreme end in advance of the knife since this would act to depress the surface of the material and in opposition tothe spring 118 to lessen the upward .pressure of the work table so that the knii'feA bell crank lever 198 fulcruined at199 to the table 2. rlhis bell .crank lever 198 has an farm 200 to which is fixed the lower end of a bar 201. `The upper end of this bar 201 projects adjacent the stop 9 and when the lever 192y is rocked to increase the tension on the spring v118, the bar y0l is pushed upwardly so that its upper end passes back of the inner end ofthe stop 'Z9 where it will be struck by the arm 74, thus in effect serving to change the adjust-nient of said stop so that the roll is not brought downagainst the surface of the work when the slide is started on its downward stroke to initiate the skiving operation. The position of the parts when this skiving operation starts lis shown in Figure i8, the

' ed behind the inner `end of the stop 7S).

upper end of the bar 201 havingbeen proj ect lit should be n oted that the bell crank lever carrying the feed roller is supported bytheknife slide and that .the roller is in position so that if allowed to descend unchecked toward the table, it would impinge on the knife. The stopft 9 prevents such-action in case no stock isfin' position at the commencement of the skiving operation at which time it will be noted that the roller and theknife are on the i saine side of the work, that is, bothon the upper side thereof. As the skiving action progresses the knife gradually approaches the lower face of the stock while the roller remains on the upper face thereof, consequently if the roller is permitted to -closely approach t-he knife, .it is raised upwardly from the knife by the stock as the cutting progres so that its full pressure is exerted to bend the stock about the edge' member 4:9 at the end of the scarfing operation. The thickness of the stock therefore determines the final distance between the roller and the knife .and as the throw of the actuating eccentric for the slide and roller divided between moving the roller and the knife slide, the final limit of the cutting stroke ofthe knife is variable only by the very slight differences in the thickness of the stock w ich determine the limit of inotion of the roller toward the knife at the end of the'cutting stroke. AThe projection of the bar Q01, therefore, while preventing the rollerv from engaging the stock at the start of the skiving operation has no effect in. changing the throw of the knife or the pressure of the roller on the work effective inbending the same about the edge member a9 since the eccentric arm 7e is not in contact with either the stop .79 or the. bar 201 at the end of the cutting'stroke in case any stock is in position (see Fig. 142).- It will thus be 'seen that at each alternate operation of themachine scarfs having differentcharacteristics are cut'so that theoperator has only to insert. one end of eachV strip and then the-opposite end in proper order to insure the proper scarfs being cut in eachinstance. Y i

Having thus described an illustrativeembodiment of this invention it. should be evident that many changes and inodihcations might be made therein without departing` from its spirit or scope as defined by the appended claims.

l claim: j

l. rEhe method of forming a beveled end on a strip which comprises cutting the strip diagonally through its `thickness from ad.

jacent one end in a direction away from said end. v "l face adjacent the end and then diagonally through the strip in a direction away from said end. y

3; rf'he method of forming a beveled end on a strip which comprises cutting into a surface thereof adjacent one end, then diagonally through its thickness in a direction away from said end, and then out through the opposite surface thereof.

2l. rihe method of scariing a strip which comprises forcing a knife through one surface thereof adjacent its end, passing said knife diagonally away from said end toward the opposite surface, andthen more abruptly through saidopposite surface.

2; The method of forming a beveled endV on a strip which comprises cutting in on onev 5. The method of forming a beveled end 'i face of said table to scarf work thereon, and

means acting after eachscarfing operation to eject the scariing.

17. ln a machine of the class described, a 'work table,a scariingknife movable in an inclined direction toward and fromthe surface of said table to scarf work thereon, a finger, and means for moving said linger laterally of the aath of said knife over the surface of said table aftereach scarfing operation to eject the scarling: therefrom.

8. ln aV machine of the class described, a

work table, aslide, a knife carrier movable with said slide to cause a knife carried there-` by to move in an inclined path toward and from the surface of said table, and a wedge vagainst the end of a welt supported on said table to form a beveled end Von saidv welt, means for pressing the welt end against said table in advance of said knife, and a gage in advance Aof said pressing means for positioning tlie welt end relatively to said knife.

10. In a welt scariing machine, a welt supporting table, a knife movable forwardly and downwardly into the end of a welt and in a direction toward the main body of the welt as it cuts through the welt to form a beveled end on said welt, a roller for pressing the welt against said table adjacent theA cutting edge of said knife and movable therewith during its cutting stroke, and means to be engaged by said main `body of the vwelt for locating said end in position to be scarfed. 11. In a scarf'ing machine, a work table, a knifev movable forwardly and downwardly against said work supported on said table, and a roller for pressing the work against said table adjacent the cutting edge of said knife and rotatable forwardly therewith during its cutting stroke, said roller having a slot diaietrically therethrough in vposition to enableV theoperator to see the work at said knife before the cutting stroke of the knife has been initiated. Y

l2. In 'a scarfing machine, a reciprocable knife, work vtable beneath said knife and pivoted on an axis substantially in the plane c-f motion of said knife, the cutting edge of said knife facing said axis, means for urging said table about said axis towardsaid knife to force the edge of said knife through the surface of work supported on said table,

`and means in advance of saidY knife edge for holding the work against the surface of said I table. Y v

13. In a'scarfing machine, a reciprocable knife, a work table beneath said knife and pivoted on an axis substantially in the plane of motion of said knife, the cutting edge of said knife facing said axis, means for urging said table about said axis toward said knife `to force the edge of ysaid knife through the surface of work supported on said table, and means for adjusting the pressure with which v said table is ur 'ed toward said knife.

14. In a mac ine of the class described, a

- work table, an edge member projecting above the surface of said table, a .scarling knife relatively movable toward'and from the surface Vof said table at said edge member in a direcsaid table and member in advance of said knife and movable therewith.

15. In a machine of the class described, a work table, an edge member projecting above the surface of said table, a scarfing knife relatively movable toward and from the surfaceY of said table at said edge member in a direction inclined to the surface of said table, andv a roller arranged to press on work'overlying said table and member in advance of said face of said table. Y.

16. In a machine of the class described, aV

work table, an edge member proj ectingabove the surface of said table, a scarfing kniferelatively movable toward and from the surface of said table at said edge member in a direction inclined to the surface of said table, and a roller arranged to press onwork overlying said table and member in advance of said knife and movable therewith, and means for rotating said roller during its movement to effect a rolling contact with the work.

17. In a machine of the class described, a work table, an edge member projecting above the surface of said t-able, a scarfing knife relatively movable toward and from the surface of said table at said edge member in a direction inclined to the surface of said table7 a roller arranged to press on work overlying j ing the angularity of said roller to regulate Y the approach between said shoulder and edge member.

18. In a scarfingvmachine, a work table,`

and a knife movable in a plane at an angle to the surface of said table to scarf work held thereon, said table having a socket for changeable elements of different surface conico Y selectively receiving any of a series of inter-v ,Y

tour by which the relation of the scarf to the surface of the work may be varied.

7 19. In a machine of the class described,

mechanism for cutting la scarf in work, adjustable means for determining the thickness of the material adjacent one end of thel scarfed portion, and adjustable means for determining the thickness of the material adjacent the opposite end of the scarf.y

20. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarf in work, adj ustable means for determining the thickness of the material adjacent one end of the scarfed portion, and means for'determining the Vthickness of the material intermediate the ends of the scarf.

21. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarf in-work, adjustable means for determining the thickness of the material adjacent one end of the scarfed portion, adjust-able means for deter- `mining the thickness of the-material adjacent the opposite end of th-e scarf, and means for determining the thickness of the -mate-4 rial intermediate the ends of the scarf.

22. In a machine of the class described, a

work table pivoted about an axis in its surface, a knife having its cutting edge movable in a plane including said axis toward and from said axis, an edge member projecting above the surface of said table adjacent said I axis and form-ing a shoulder beneath which Y by said knife may cut through the lower face said knife edge passes as it approaches said axis, and means for engaging work overlying said table and edge closely adjacent said edge to offset the work over said edge whereof the work at an angle more obtuse than that between :the plane of movement of the knife Vand the surface of said table.

23. In a machine of the class described, a

" work table .pivoted about an axis in its surface, aI knife having its cutting edge movable in a plane including said axis toward and from said axis, an edge member projecting above the surface of said table and forming a shoulder beneath which said knife edge passes as it approaches said axis, means for engaging work overlying'said table and edge closely adjacent said edge to offset the work over said edge whereby said knife may cut through the lower'face of the work at j an angle more obtuse than that between'the plane of movement of the knife and the surface of the table, and means for adjusting the pressure of said member on the work to vary the ysharpness of said offset.

24. In a machine of the class described, an oscillatory table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide above lsaid table and movable there.- with toward and from the center of oscillation of said table, means for holding said table spaced from said knife to permitthe insertion of work therebetween when said knife is in retracted position and to release said table thereafter, and resilient means urging said table toward said knife when said holding means is released to clamp the work be-V tween said knife and table and to cause said knife to sink into the work before commencement of its cutting stroke.

25. In a machine of the class described, an oscillatory table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide and movable therewith toward and from the center of oscillation of said table, means for holding said table spaced Vfrom said knife to permit the insertion of work therebetween when said knife is in retracted position and to release said table thereafter, resilient means urging saidtable toward said knife when said holding means is released to scarfii'ig operations;

clamp the work between said knife and table and to cause said 'knife to sink into the Work before commencement of its cutting stroke, and means for automatically varying the strength of saidurging means for successive operations.

26. In a machine of the class described, an oscillatory table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide and movable therewith toward and from the center of oscillationof said table,

means for holding said table .spaced from said soy controlling the subsequent operation of said scarling mechanism to vproduce a scarfhaving a different characteristic.

28. In a scarfing machine, scarfing mechanism, adjustable mechanism for causing said scar-fing mechanism to produce scarfs of different characteristics, and means for automatically actuating said adjustable mechanism prior to actuation of the scarfing mechanism and in predetermined sequence to effect predetermined characteristics of the scarf produced by scarfing operations in said sequence.

29. In a sca-riing machine, sca'rng mechanism, adjustable mechanism for controlling the operation of said scarfing mechanism and varying the characteristics of the scarf to be produced, andmean-s for actuating said adjustable mechanism alternately' from one to another condition to produce scarfs of dilferent characteristics von each two successive opz erations of said scarfing mechanism.

30. Ina machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarf in work, and independently adjustable mechanism for determining the thickness of the scarfadjacent opposite ends thereof.

3l. In a vmachine of theclassdescribed, ,I

mechanismwfor cutting a scarf inwork, independently adjustable mechanism for determining the thickness of the scarf adjacent opposite ends thereof, and means for automatically varying the adjustments of certain of said adjustable mechanisms for subsequent scarng operationsj Y 32. In ya machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting ascarf in work, independently adjustable ymechanism for f determining tlie thickness of the scarf adjacent opposite ends thereof, and-meansfor automatically changing certain of said adjustments alternately between two conditions to cause two differently characteristic scarfs to l be produced in alternate operations.

33. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarf including adjustable mechanism for determining the thickness of the scarfed portion adjacent its thin end, and means acting automatically to adjust said adjustable'mechanism to predeing the length of the scarfed portion, and

means for automatically effecting the adjustment of both mechanisms for subsequent scaring operations.

' i363. In a machine of the class described,

mechanism for cutting a scarf including an adjustableV mechanism for determining` the thickness of the scarfed portions adjacent its thin end, adjustable mechanism for deterininingthe length of the scarfed portion,

and means for automatically effecting adjustment between two conditions of both adjustable mechanisms alternately for alternate operations. Y l

37. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarfincluding an adjustable mechanism for determining the thickness of the scarfed portonadjacent its Vthin end and adjustable mechanism for` determining the .length of the scarfed portion, means for automatically effecting adjustment between two conditions of both adjustable mechanisms alternately for alternate operations, and means for indicating the particular adjustment for each actuation.

38; In a machine of the classdescribed, mechanism for cutting a scarf, adjustable to producescarfs of variable length and thickness adjacent their thin ends, and means for automatically adjust-ing said mechanism-'to produce comparatively shortthin end scarfs and comparatively long thick end scarfs. e

39. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting a scarf adjustable to produce scarfsof variable length and thicky ness adjacent their thin ends, and means for automatically adjusting said mechanism to produce.comparatively short thin end scarfs and 'comparati'vely long thick endscarfs in alternation .40.v In a machineof the class described,y

mechanism for cutting a scarf 'adjustable to produce scarfs of variable length and thickness adj acentv their thin ends, means for automatically adjusting said mechanism to produce comparatively short thinjend scarfs and" comparatively long thick end scarfs in al- 5 ternation, and means for indicating to the operator when the machine is stopped the adjustment for the next scarfng operation.

4:1. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for cutting ascarf including adjustable mechanism .for determining the thickness ofthe scarfed portion adjacent its thin end, and means for automatically changing sa-id adjustment alternately between two conditions for subsequent operation to produce in alternation scar'fs having comparatively thick and thin ends.

ft2. In a machine of the class described, scaring mechanism including adjustable mechanism for determiningthe length ofthe cally to change theadjustment alternately between two conditions fo-r successive operations whereby long and short scarfs are producedalternately. l

ad. In a machine of the class described, a slide, a knife carried by said slide, a work table toward land from the surface of which the cutting edge of said knife moves on the movement ofA said slide, a work` pressing member carried to move with said slide and also movable toward and from work carried by said table, means acting through said member for first moving said member against the work and then movingv said slide to eEect a'cutting stroke of said knife, and means for adjusting the resistance to the movement'of saidslide thereby to adjust the pressure of said member againstfthe Work.

45. In a machine of t-he class described, a

work'table pivoted about an axis in its surface, a slide, a knife carried by `said slidel and having its cutting edge movable in a plane containing said `axis and facing said axis, imeans for urging said table upwardly about said axis toward coincidence with said knife edge to press work resting on said table,V

against said knife edge, and a roller engageable with the upper face of the Work adjacent said knife edge to press the work against said table,.said roller being bodilyv movable withV said slide.

46. In a'machine of the class described, a

Work table pivoted about an axis in its surface, a knife carried by said slide and having its cutting edge movable in a plane containing said axis and facing said axis, means for urging said table upwardly about said axis to- Ward coincidence with said knife edge to press Work resting on said table against said knife edge, a roller engageable with the upper face of the Work adjacent said knife edge to press the Work against said table, said roller being bodily movable with said slide, and means for rotating said roller during its bodily movement with said slide.

47. In a machine of the class described, a Work table, a slide, a scarfing knife carried by said slide and movable toward and from said table in an inclined direction on movementof said slide, a member movable toward and from said table to press and release Work thereon, means to limit the motion of said member away from said table, mechanism acting to move said member against the Work and then to move said slide, the resistance to the movement of said slide determining the )ressure exerted on the Work b said member and means for imposing an adjustabley resistance to the movement of said slide.

48. ln a machine of the class described, a Work table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide and movable in an inclined direction to- Ward and Vfrom the surface of said table, a member carried by said slide and movable toward and from Work on said table to hold and release Work thereagainst, a stop to limit the Work-releasing movement of said member, mechanism for moving said member in its full extent in one direction, and then to move said slide, means for urging said table toward said knife to cause said knife to sink intovthe Work, and means for simultaneously adjusting said urging means and said stop in a manner that a heavier pressure of the Work against such knife is associated With a shorter amplitude of motion of said Work pressing member and a correspondingly increased length of stroke of said slide and visa versa to produce long thick end scarfs and Short thin end scarfs.

4.9. ln a machine of the class described, a Work table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide and movable in an inclined direction toward and from the surface of said table, a member carried by said slide and movable toward and from Work on said table to hold and release Wonk thereagainst, a stop to limit the Work-releasing movement of said member, mechanism for moving said member in itsfull extent/in one direction and then to move said; slide, means for urging said table toward said knife to cause saidknife to sink into the vvork, and means for automatically varying said adjustments betvveen determined points in alternation for successive scaring operations to produce long thick end scarfs and short thin end scarfs in alternation.

50. In a machine of the class described, a

Work table, a slide, a knife carried by said slide and movable in an inclined direction toward and from the surface of said table,`

Work against said knife is associated With a shorter amplitude of motion of said Work pressing member and a correspondingly increased length of stroke of said slide and visa versa to produce long thick end scarfs and short thin end scarfs, and means coacting with said limiting means to prevent said Workholding member from. striking the vvork at the start of motion of said knife only When the machine is adjusted to form along thick end scarf.

j 5l. In a machine of the class described, a work table, a knife movable toward and from said table to scarf Work thereon,"a member movable towardv and fromthe Work and With and in' advance of the cutting edge of said knife above the `Work to hold the Work against said table, andrmeans acting at certain times toy prevent the impingement of'said member -on the Work at the start of the cutting stroke v of said knife.

52. ln a machine of the class described, a Work table, a knife movable tovvard and from said table to scarf Work thereon, a member movable tovvard and from the Work and With and in advance of the cutting edge of said knife above the Work to hold the Work against said table, and means acting at the start of alternate cutting strokes of said knife' to 4prevent the impingement of said member on the Work. l

In testimony Whereofl have allixed my signature.

HARRY LYON.v 

